Why Laser Beams Are the Hottest New Tech in Defense

The U.S. Army recently awarded AeroVironment (AV) a $464.8 million contract for its Enduring-High Energy Laser (E-HEL) program. This significant agreement represents the U.S. military's first-ever production contract for a high-energy laser weapon. Under the Other Transaction Authority (OTA) agreement, AV will deliver "dozens" of its LOCUST X3 laser counter-drone systems over the next few years, with initial capabilities expected within the year. The LOCUST X3 is designed to neutralize Group 1, 2, and 3 drones, which can weigh up to 1,320 pounds, using a 30kW laser.

The adoption of directed energy systems like the E-HEL is seen as a cost-effective alternative to traditional kinetic weapons. John Garrity, AV’s vice president of directed-energy systems, highlighted that these laser systems can defeat drones at a significantly lower cost than expensive missiles. The Army's move towards laser production comes after soldiers' disappointing feedback on the Directed Energy Maneuver Short-Range Air Defense (DE M-SHORAD) performance, with the E-HEL program building on the success of AMP-HEL prototypes already in use. The Army envisions the LOCUST X3 initially being mounted on Joint Light Tactical Vehicles and Infantry Squad Vehicles, with eventual integration onto heavier platforms like Strykers, tanks, robots, and ships.

This contract underscores a broader shift in military strategy towards directed energy weapons to counter the proliferation of inexpensive drones. Admiral Daryl Caudle, the Chief of Naval Operations, also emphasized the urgent need for the Navy to field high-energy lasers to address the cost imbalance of using multi-million dollar interceptors against low-cost drones. He noted that laser weapons can preserve traditional munitions for more critical operations, enabling commanders to choose between munitions and directed energy weapons based on the target. The Navy is pushing for faster deployment of these systems across its fleet, recognizing directed energy as an operational capability rather than merely an emerging technology.